نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 سنجش ازدوروسیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی.برنامه ریزی و علوم محیطی.دانشگاه تبریز.تبریز.ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه سنجش از دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

امروزه، فرونشست یک خطر زمینی ناشی از فعالیت انسانی و طبیعی در سراسر جهان است و در بسیاری از کشورها نیاز به بررسی دقیق دارد(به عنوان مثال ایالات متحده آمریکا، انگلستان، استرالیا، چین، مصر، فرانسه، آلمان، هند، ایران، ایتالیا، ژاپن، مکزیک، لهستان، عربستان سعودی، سوئد و هلند). لازم به ذکر است که در بیش از 150 کشور و منطقه در سراسر جهان رویدادهای فرونشست مشاهده شده است. امروزه، نواحی تحت تأثیر فرونشست از دیدگاه‌های مختلف مربوط به مسائل اجتماعی-اقتصادی، زیست‌محیطی و حفاظتی یک نگرانی بزرگ است. تحقیق حاضر از نظر هدف از نوع کاربردی و روش پژوهش توصیفی -تحلیلی هست. در این پژوهش از منابع اسنادی و کتابخانه‌ای و تصاویر ماهواره‌ای استفاده شده است. در پژوهش حاضر با ترکیب سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی و سیستم­های تصمیم­گیری چندمعیاره اقدام به پهنه­بندی پتانسیل خطر وقوع مخاطره فرونشست در محدوده شهرستان تبریز شد. بعد از بررسی پیشینه تحقیق و پژوهش های انجام شده، یازده عامل موثر در وقوع مخاطره فرونشست: بارندگی،شیب، تبخیر، زمین­شناسی، کاربری اراضی، ارتفاع رواناب، فاصله ازگسل، تراکم شبکه زهکشی، فاصله از رودخانه، شاخص پوشش گیاهی و عمق آب­های زیرزمینی مشخص و با استفاده از فرایند ANP وزن دهی شدند. بعد از استانداردسازی لایه­ها در محیط نرم­افزار ArcGIS همه شاخص با تابع Weighted Overlay   تلفیق شد. باتوجه به بررسی نتایج حاصل شده، از مجموع آبادی های قرارگرفته شده در داخل منطقه مطالعه،20درصد آبادی­ها دارای پتانسیل فرونشست بسیار زیاد، 36 درصد دارای پتانسسل خطرزیاد، 18 درصد دارای پتانسیل خطر متوسط، 14 درصد دارای پتانسیل خطرکم و 12 در صد نیز در محدوده پتانسیل فرونشست خیلی کم قرار دارد. همچنین بررسی مکان­گزینی شهرهای واقع شده در منطقه نیز نشان می‌دهد که بطور متوسط، شهرها در نواحی دارای پتانسیل وقوع متوسط تا بسیار زیاد وقوع فرونشست جای گرفته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of GIS modeling in zoning of land subsidence potential (Case study: county of Tabriz)

نویسندگان [English]

  • ahmad nikdel 1
  • Bakhtiar Feizizadeh 2

1 , Department of remotesensing&GIS, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz. Iran.

2 Associate Prfo .Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, University of Tabriz

چکیده [English]

Nowadays, subsidence is a terrestrial hazard caused by human and natural activity around the world and needs careful consideration in many countries (e.g. USA, UK, Australia, China, Egypt, France, Germany, India, Iran, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Sweden and the Netherlands). It should be noted that subsidence events have been observed in more than 150 countries and regions around the world. Today, subsidence-affected areas are a major concern from different perspectives on socio-economic, environmental and conservation issues. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical research method. In this research, documentary sources and library resources and satellite images have been used. In the present study, by combining GIS and multi-criteria decision making systems, the potential for the risk of subsidence risk in the city of Tabriz was zoned. After reviewing the research background and research, eleven factors affecting the occurrence of subsidence risk: rainfall, slope, evaporation, geology, land use, runoff height, distance from the fault, drainage network density, distance from the river, vegetation index and depth Groundwater was identified and weighed using the ANP process. After standardizing the layers in ArcGIS, all indicators were combined with the Weighted Overlay function. According to the results of the total settlements located within the study area, 20% of settlements have high subsidence potential, 36% have high risk potential, 18% have medium risk potential, 14% have low risk potential and 12% have potential range. Subsidence is very low.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Subsidence
  • Network Analysis Process
  • Multi-Criteria Decision Making System
  • GIS
  • Tabriz
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