Remote Sensing and GIS Applications in Environmental Sciences

GIS Techniques in Monitoring the Impact of Sulfur Dioxide on Temperatures in Baghdad

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Academic Member/University of Tabriz

2 Ph.D. Student in Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

3 Professor in Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

10.22034/rsgi.2025.66959.1136

Abstract

The integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) technologies has proven instrumental in monitoring the environmental impacts of sulfur dioxide (SO₂), particularly its influence on temperature variations. This study examines the spatiotemporal dynamics of SO₂ emissions in Baghdad during 2023, correlating them with seasonal temperature patterns to evaluate their environmental and climatic implications. Utilizing satellite imagery, GIS tools, and advanced data analysis techniques, the research identifies significant seasonal trends, highlights areas of elevated pollution and temperature, and underscores the critical role of GIS in environmental resilience. The findings reveal an inverse correlation between SO₂ levels and temperature, influenced by atmospheric dispersion, photochemical reactions, and urban heat island effects. The study concludes with actionable recommendations for leveraging GIS-based insights to mitigate the adverse impacts of SO₂ on public health and urban climate.

Keywords

Main Subjects

ادغام سیستم‌ اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) و سنجش از دور (RS) به‌طور اثبات‌شده در نظارت بر اثرات زیست‌محیطی دی‌اکسید گوگرد (SO₂)به‌ویژه تأثیر آن بر تغییرات دمایی، نقش مهمی ایفا کرده است. این مطالعه به بررسی پویایی‌ فضایی-زمانی انتشار SO₂ در بغداد در سال ۲۰۲۳ می‌پردازد و آن را با الگوهای دمایی فصلی مرتبط می‌کند تا پیامدهای زیست‌محیطی و اقلیمی آن را ارزیابی کند. با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره‌ای، ابزارهای GIS  و تکنیک‌های پیشرفته تحلیل داده‌ها، این تحقیق روندهای فصلی قابل توجهی را شناسایی می‌کند، مناطق آلودگی و دمای بالا را برجسته می‌کند و نقش حیاتی GIS در تاب‌آوری زیست‌محیطی را تأکید می‌کند. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند که یک همبستگی معکوس بین سطح SO₂ و دمای هوا وجود دارد که تحت تأثیر پراکندگی جو، واکنش‌های فتوشیمیایی و اثرات جزیره حرارتی شهری قرار دارد. همچنین این مطالعه توصیه‌های عملی مبتنی بر GIS برای کاهش اثرات نامطلوب SO₂ بر سلامت عمومی و اقلیم شهری ارایه می دهد. 

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Remote Sensing and GIS Applications in Environmental Sciences
Volume 5, Issue 16
November 2025
Pages 68-49
  • Receive Date: 25 April 2025
  • Revise Date: 20 August 2025
  • Accept Date: 30 August 2025