Remote Sensing and GIS Applications in Environmental Sciences

Evaluation of land use changes with an emphasis on the water scarcity impacts and using remote sensing and GIS (case study: Babylon province, Iraq)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Academic Member/University of Tabriz

2 Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, University of Tabriz

3 Mohammed Ridha Ayyed Ali, M.A. Student, Remote Sensing and GIS, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran

10.22034/rsgi.2024.57669.1054

Abstract

, the process of water scarcity in Iraq has intensified due to natural and political factors, especially in its central and southern parts. In this regard, the current research has evaluated the trend of land use and land cover changes in Babol province in the center of Iraq and analyzed the changes and developments in the surface water resources of this region. The current research is based on the supervised classification of satellite images of Babol Province, Iraq, and in this regard, ETM+ sensor images of Landsat 7 satellite in 2003, OLI-TIRS sensor images of Landsat 8 satellite in 2013 and Landsat 9 satellite in 2023 were used and the maximum likelihood technique was performed on them. According to the results, during the first ten-year period (2003-2013), the surface water area of the region has decreased from 729.44 square kilometers to 174.14 square kilometers, which means a 76.13% decrease in the area of this group of lands. In the second ten-year period (2013-2023), the extent of surface water has increased from 174.14 square kilometers to 825.61 square kilometers, which indicates a growth of 374.1 percent. The results of the research have determined that factors such as the development of agricultural lands, the growth of urban and rural constructions, and climatic factors have emerged as the main factors of land use change in Babol province, and the cause and origin of land use changes in Babol province is not only water shortage.

Keywords

Main Subjects

تغییر کاربری زمین شاید برجسته‌ترین شکل تغییر محیطی جهانی باشد، زیرا در مقیاس‌های مکانی و زمانی بسیار پیوسته به زندگی روزمره انسانی رخ می‌دهد. (Roy & Roy, 2010). تغییرات کاربری زمین یک فرآیند فراگیر، تسریع‌کننده و مهم است که در درجه اول توسط فعالیت‌های انسانی ایجاد می‌شود و منجر به تحولاتی می‌شود که بر کیفیت زندگی افراد تأثیر می‌گذارد. این پویایی بر در دسترس بودن بسیاری از منابع حیاتی از جمله آب، خاک و پوشش گیاهی تأثیر گذاشته و اثرات نامطلوبی نیز با خود به همراه دارد (Mathewos et al, 2022). امروزه رشد شهرها و زیرساخت‌های مرتبط با آن‌ها، استفاده‌های مرسوم آب را به شدت تغییر داده است، به نحوی که حذف آب از نهرها، رودخانه‌ها و دریاچه‌ها برای تأمین نیاز شهرها و تغییر کاربری اراضی مرتبط با توسعه همه‌جانبه شهر، پیامدهای متعددی بر محیط طبیعی به دنبال داشته است (Vandas et al, 2002). در نتیجه کاهش یا تخریب منابع آب سطحی، ضمن از بین رفتن تنوع اکوسیستمی، تبدیل شدن بدنه‌های آبی به شوره‌زار و به دنبال آن تولید گردوغبار حاصل از شوره‌زار نیز برای سلامت ساکنان محلی و سایر موجودات به‌عنوان یک تهدید جدی به شمار می‌رود. علاوه بر این، گردوغبار برخاسته از شوره‌زار در کاهش عملکرد محصولات کشاورزی نیز مؤثر می‌باشد، لذا حفظ و احیاء و مدیریت صحیح و یکپارچه منابع آب‌های سطحی بسیار ضروری و حیاتی می‌باشد (باقری و همکاران، 1395).

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Remote Sensing and GIS Applications in Environmental Sciences
Volume 3, Issue 7 - Serial Number 6
July 2023
Pages 144-120
  • Receive Date: 23 July 2023
  • Revise Date: 08 October 2023
  • Accept Date: 03 November 2023